บันไดและบันไดหนีไฟ

บันไดและบันไดหนีไฟ

ข้อบัญญัติกรุงเทพมหานคร เรื่อง ควบคุมอาคารพ.ศ. ๒๕๔๔

no. 38 Residential building should have at least 1 stair which its width is not less than 90 cm. One flight should not higher than 3 m. The riser should not higher than 20 cm. The tread’s width, excluding the overlapping nose, should not be less than 22 cm. Also the area before the stair should have its width and length not less than the stair’s width.

A stair, higher than 3 m., should have a landing every 3 m. or less. Then its landing should have its width and length not less than the stair’s width. Its headroom should be higher than 1.9 m.

no. 39 Following types of buildings; Theatres, convention halls, factories, hotels, hospitals, libraries, department stores, markets, service places which defined by the Building code of Service Places, Airports, transportation hubs which was built or renovate higher than 1 storey. Not only they should have ordinary stairs, but also at least one specific fire exit stair which have no obstructions on the path to the exit.

A public building that has its basement. Not only it should have ordinary stairs, but also at least one specific fire exit stair.

no. 40 A building that has its basements, 2 storey or more. Not only it should have ordinary stairs, but also at least one specific fire exit stair.

no. 41 A fire exit stair must made of permanent fire resistant materials. Its width should not less than 90 cm. and not more than 150 cm. The riser should not higher than 20 cm. The tread’s width should not be less than 22 cm. Its landing shoud have its width and length not less than the stair’s width. The handrail’s height is 90 cm. Spiral stair type is prohibited.

An area before the fire exit stair should have its width not less than the stair’s width. The other side’s width should not less than 1.50 m.

In case of using a fire exit slope; its slope should not less than 12%

no. 42 A fire exit in any buildings, excluding high rise buildings, should have its width not less than 90 cm. Surrounded by rigid walls made of permanent fire resistant materials, except the ventilation duct and fire exit door areas. Each floor should have ventilated duct, which open out of the building, and their total areas should not less than 1.40 sq.m. Provided sufficient lighting in day/night time.

A fire exit stair in the Special big building (according to the first paragraph of the Building Code) should have a pressurize shaft which have pressure rate not less than 38.6 Pa.m. and work automatically when the incident happens. The fire exit on the first floor should located in the area that can easily goes out of the building.

no. 43 Any rowhouses with not more than 4 storeys, or not higher than 15 m. from road level, the fire exit stair can be in a vertical line but it must have landings on every floors. Each landing width should be not less than 60 cm. The space between each steps should not more than 40 cm.

กฎกระทรวงฉบับที่ 55 (พ.ศ.2543) ออกตามความในพระราชบัญญัติควบคุมอาคาร พ.ศ.2522

no. 27 A building with 4 or more storeys and not higher than 23 m. and a 3-storey building with a roof deck (area more than 16 sq.m.). Not only they should have ordinary stairs, but also at least one specific fire exit stair which made of fire resistant materials. The path to the exit must have no obstructions.

no. 28 A fire exit stair’s slope is wider than 60 degrees. Except a rowhouse that is not higher than 4 storeys can have a fire exit stair with slope narrower than 60 degrees, but it must have landings on every floors.

no.29 A fire exit stair located inside the building should have its width not less than 60 cm. Each walls that goes along with the fire exit stair must be made of permanent fire resistant materials.

If fire exit stair (according to paragraph 1) does not reach ground floor, there should be an extended metal stair.

no. 30 A fire exit stair located inside the building should have its width not less than 80 cm. Surrounded by rigid walls made of permanent fire resistant materials, except the ventilation duct and fire exit door areas. Each floor should have ventilated duct, which open out of the building, and their total areas should not less than 1.40 sq.m. Provided sufficient lighting in day/night time.

no.31 Fire exit stair’s width must be not less than 80 cm, its height is not lower than 1.90 m. and its door must swing to outside. The door must automatically shut and can open any time. Also there should be no obstruction before the door or the exit.

no.32 An area before the fire exit stair should have its width not less than the stair’s width. The other side’s width should not less than 1.50 m.